Ozone aging of high-pressure rubber hose is a complex physical and chemical process, and its mechanism involves the interaction between rubber molecules and ozone molecules. Ozone is a strong oxidant, and the oxygen atoms in its molecular structure are highly reactive. When ozone molecules meet double bonds in rubber molecules, an addition reaction occurs rapidly. In this reaction process, ozone molecules will attack double bonds on the rubber molecular chain to form unstable ozonide intermediates. These intermediates then further decompose, resulting in the breakage or cross-linking of the rubber molecular chain, thereby changing the physical and chemical properties of the rubber.
Reaction Kinetics and Autocatalysis
Reaction kinetics plays a key role in the ozone aging process. As the reaction proceeds, intermediates such as peroxides are generated on the rubber surface. These intermediates can trigger autocatalytic oxidation reactions under appropriate conditions, that is, they accelerate subsequent oxidation processes. This autocatalytic effect causes ozone aging to develop rapidly once it begins until the rubber fails completely.
Influencing Factors
The rate of ozone aging is affected by many factors, including:
Ozone concentration: The higher the ozone concentration, the faster the aging rate.
Temperature: Increased temperature will accelerate the movement of rubber molecules, increase the frequency of collisions between ozone molecules and rubber molecules, and thus accelerate the aging process.
Stress state: When rubber is subjected to stress such as stretching and bending, its ozone aging rate will increase significantly. This is because stress will change the arrangement and conformation of rubber molecules, making them more susceptible to ozone attack.
Rubber type and structure: Different types of rubber have different molecular structures and chemical properties, so their sensitivity to ozone is also different.
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